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ASTM A234 WPB Carbon Steel Pipe Fittings

Seamless and welded buttweld fittings in A234 WPB and WPC, from stock in Mumbai, India.

ASTM A234 / ASME SA234 WPB Buttweld Fittings

ASTM A234 WPB carbon steel buttweld pipe fittings

Dinesh Tube India supplies ASTM A234 WPB carbon steel pipe fittings from Mumbai to EPC contractors, refineries, power plants, process plants and fabricators in India and abroad. We supply seamless and welded buttweld elbows, tees, reducers, caps, crosses and stub ends to ASME B16.9, from 1/2" to 48", with an EN 10204 3.1 certificate.

A234 WPB fittings are the standard match for A106 Gr B and A53 Gr B pipe and A105 flanges.

This page gives the full data for A234 WPB and WPC. To compare A234 with low-temperature A420 WPL6 and forged fittings, see our carbon steel pipe fittings page.

Table of Contents


What Is ASTM A234?

ASTM A234 is the standard specification for wrought carbon steel and alloy steel piping fittings for moderate and high-temperature service. It covers seamless and welded buttweld fittings made from pipe, plate or forgings, and ASME adopts it as SA234. The carbon steel grades are WPB, the most widely used fitting grade in process piping, and the higher-strength WPC. "WP" stands for wrought pipe fitting.

A234 WPB is a plain carbon steel. It has no special corrosion resistance and is not intended for low-temperature service: for service below −29 °C use A420 WPL6 fittings. A234 also covers chrome-moly alloy grades such as WP11, WP22 and WP91 for high-temperature lines; see our alloy steel range.

ASTM A234 Fittings Specification

Material

ASTM A234 / ASME SA234 WPB, WPC; WP11, WP22, WP91 on request

Dimensions

ASME B16.9; MSS SP-43 (stub ends); MSS SP-75 on request

Size

1/2" – 24" seamless; welded up to 48"

Wall Thickness

SCH 10, 20, 40 (STD), 80 (XS), 120, 160, XXS, to match pipe

Manufacture

Seamless (WPB / WPBS) or welded (WPBW, welds radiographed)

Elbow Radius

Long radius (1.5D), short radius (1D), 3D; bends 5D and above on request

Ends

Bevelled for butt welding, per ASME B16.25

Coating

Black paint, rust-preventive oil, varnish; galvanised on request

Testing

Chemical, tensile, hardness; RT on welds; UT, MPI on request

Certification

EN 10204 3.1; 3.2 / TPI; IBR and NACE MR0175 on request
ASTM A234 fittings specification

ASTM A234 WPB & WPC Chemical Composition

Element, %WPBWPC
Carbon (C), max0.300.35
Manganese (Mn)0.29 – 1.060.29 – 1.06
Phosphorus (P), max0.0500.050
Sulphur (S), max0.0580.058
Silicon (Si), min0.100.10
Chromium (Cr), max0.400.40
Molybdenum (Mo), max0.150.15
Nickel (Ni), max0.400.40
Copper (Cu), max0.400.40
Vanadium (V), max0.080.08
Carbon equivalent (CE), max0.500.50

Cu + Ni + Cr + Mo is limited to 1.00% and Cr + Mo to 0.32%. For each 0.01% carbon below the maximum, manganese may be increased by 0.06% above 1.06%, up to 1.35%. CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15.

ASTM A234 WPB & WPC Mechanical Properties

PropertyWPBWPC
Tensile strength415 – 585 MPa (60 – 85 ksi)485 – 655 MPa (70 – 95 ksi)
Yield strength, min240 MPa (35 ksi)275 MPa (40 ksi)
Elongation, longitudinal, min22% (4D round specimen)22% (4D round specimen)
Hardness, max197 HBW197 HBW

A234 WPB vs WPC

WPBWPC
Carbon, max0.30%0.35%
Min tensile / yield415 / 240 MPa485 / 275 MPa
Matching pipeA106 Gr B, A53 Gr B, API 5L Gr BA106 Gr C
AvailabilityStandard stock gradeMade to order

WPB is used for almost all carbon steel piping. WPC is chosen only where the design uses higher-strength A106 Gr C pipe.

Seamless vs Welded A234 Fittings (WPBS / WPBW)

Seamless (WPB / WPBS)Welded (WPBW)
Made fromSeamless pipe, hot formedWelded pipe or formed plate
Usual sizes1/2" – 24"Larger sizes, typically 16" – 48"
Weld examinationNot applicableWelds radiographed (W suffix); WU = ultrasonic
MarkingWPBWPBW

Hot-formed fittings are cooled or heat treated as A234 requires; cold-formed fittings above the strain limits in A234 are stress relieved or normalised.

Need A234 WPB fittings? Send your fitting type, size, schedule, seamless or welded, and quantity to kamlesh@dineshtube-india.com or call +91 83559 10913. You can also send an enquiry.

Types of A234 WPB Fittings

ASTM A234 WPB buttweld elbow

A234 WPB Elbow

45°, 90° and 180° elbows, long radius, short radius and 3D.
ASTM A234 WPB equal and reducing tee

A234 WPB Tee

Equal and reducing tees for branch connections.
ASTM A234 WPB concentric and eccentric reducer

A234 WPB Reducer

Concentric and eccentric reducers to change line size.
ASTM A234 WPB buttweld cross

A234 WPB Cross

Equal and reducing crosses for four-way connections.
ASTM A234 WPB stub end

A234 WPB Stub End

Short (MSS SP-43) and long (B16.9) pattern, for lap joint flanges.
ASTM A234 WPB pipe bend

A234 WPB Bend & Cap

5D and larger bends, and caps to close line ends.

ASTM A234 WPB Fitting Applications

  •   Refinery and petrochemical process piping
  •   Steam, condensate and boiler feedwater lines
  •   Oil and gas plants and pipelines
  •   Power plants and utilities
  •   Water, fire-fighting and cooling water systems
  •   Fertiliser, chemical and sugar plants
Industries using ASTM A234 WPB fittings

Fittings are packed in wooden cases or on pallets with bevel protection for export.

ASTM A234 WPB Fittings: FAQs

What is ASTM A234 WPB?

ASTM A234 WPB is the most common grade of wrought carbon steel buttweld pipe fittings, such as elbows, tees and reducers. "WP" means wrought pipe fitting and "B" matches the strength of Grade B pipe. It has a tensile strength of 415–585 MPa, minimum yield of 240 MPa and maximum hardness of 197 HBW. ASME adopts it as SA234 WPB.

What is the difference between A234 WPB and WPC?

WPC has a higher carbon limit (0.35% vs 0.30%) and higher strength, with minimum tensile and yield of 485 / 275 MPa against 415 / 240 MPa for WPB. WPB matches A106 Gr B and A53 Gr B pipe and is the standard stock grade; WPC is used with A106 Gr C pipe.

What is the difference between WPB and WPBW?

WPB (sometimes written WPBS) is a seamless fitting, usually made from seamless pipe. WPBW is a welded fitting made from welded pipe or plate, and the W suffix shows that the welds have been radiographed as required by ASTM A234. Seamless fittings are normal up to 24 in.; welded fittings are used for larger sizes.

What is the difference between A234 WPB and A420 WPL6?

Both are carbon steel buttweld fittings with similar strength. A234 WPB is for ambient and elevated temperatures and is not impact tested. A420 WPL6 is made for low-temperature service and is Charpy impact tested at −46 °C, so it is used with A333 Gr 6 pipe and A350 LF2 flanges.

Which dimension standard applies to A234 fittings?

ASTM A234 sets the material and testing. Dimensions and tolerances come from ASME B16.9 for factory-made buttweld fittings, MSS SP-43 for short-pattern stub ends, and MSS SP-75 for high-yield pipeline fittings. Short-radius elbows, once covered by ASME B16.28, are now included in B16.9.

What pipe and flanges are used with A234 WPB fittings?

A234 WPB fittings are normally used with ASTM A106 Grade B, A53 Grade B or API 5L Grade B pipe and ASTM A105 forged flanges, all carbon steel grades with similar chemistry and strength.

Export Destinations for A234 Fittings

We export ASTM A234 WPB fittings to the Middle East (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Iraq), Africa (Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Ghana, Tanzania), Asia (Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines), Europe and the Americas on request.